KOKAND KHANATE (Pers. Ḵōqand; Turkic Qüqon), a state based in the Farḡāna (q.v.) valley in Central Asia (1709-1876), whose territory encompassed modern…

INDIA xxx. INDIAN MERCHANTS IN CENTRAL ASIA AND IRAN The Indian merchant diaspora in Central Asia and Persia emerged in…

INDIA xiii. INDO-IRANIAN COMMERCIAL RELATIONS Since antiquity merchants have used both caravan and maritime routes to transport commodities between India…